One of the most minor but annoying problem with model train hobby is derailments.  Finding the reason can also be a time consuming and frustrating task especially when more than one part of the track encounters it.  Model train derailments can be caused by dusts and dirt and cleaning tracks, engines and cars is one easy way to fix derailment issues by way of elimination process.  Do a few trial runs and if all goes fine, then the derailment probably originated due to dirty bits and pieces.

If derailment still happens, however, there is possibly a much deeper cause particularly if it happens in one portion and thorough investigation will be required to isolate the source of the problem.  Aside from the arrangement and positioning of the tracks, other factors to take into account are additional locomotives or cars, and any changes in the scenery or layout.  It is important to consider all possibilities in this type of situation as the spot where the derailment occurs may not always be the problem. 

Any obstruction in the tracks could show the way to derailment or stoppage so make sure sceneries are not lying on any section of the track.  Track nails and joints should also be inspected carefully.  Nail heads should be embedded all the way in the railway’s platform and they should not go through the track holes. 

In some instances, addition of cars and wagons can also bring about model train derailments.  Run the model locomotive on its own without the cars and wagons.  If the derailment happens in a particular track segment, the problem could be the positioning of the track.  Carefully look at or measure the track’s degree angle seeing as it could be slanted in a particular angle which is too much for your locomotive especially if the locomotive’s wheels are not magnetized.  If that particular track is curved, it could also contribute to model train derailment. 

Tracks that have tight curves will potentially cause derailment and it is also important to consider the locomotive’s axle count as well as the limit of cars that can be connected to the locomotive.  Model locomotives with six axles usually require a 22 degree curve radius and going lower would most likely derail the model train.  How many cars can be connected should also be considered since centripetal force and inertia could be factors in derailment specially when the model train is going fast on tight turns.  Dips and bumps should also be checked as these could deliver imbalance and tilting. 

If the positioning of the tracks have no problems, each cars and wagons should be checked thoroughly especially their couplers, axles and wheels.  Couplers should be mounted properly and should not be too low and all wheels should easily turn.  The width of the wheels should also be properly set according to the track’s width.  If there is one or several coupling or wheel that is loose or tight, try to re-mount them if possible.  If re-mounting doesn’t solve the problem, it might be time to replace them with new ones.  Once more, always clean wheels and tracks.

Whether the derailment is caused by a small or big issue, patience and diligence is valuable towards finding it and getting it fixed.  Technical and problem solving skills are just some qualities needed for a model train hobbyist and every modification and repair accomplished is part of the satisfaction model trains bring.